(three toothed saxifrage)
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Photo of Saxifraga tricuspidata by Carl Roland
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Saxifraga tricuspidata is a perennial herb, with evergreen leaves that grows in warm, dry disturbed sites on slopes and gravel bars in Denali, most frequently seen in mountains. Plants grow 4-10 cm tall from a creeping caudex, often richly branched and making up a dense cushion. The stems are covered by a rosette of leathery brown-green leaves and reddish persistent dead leaves beneath the live ones. The leaves are elongate with 3 sharp teeth at the tip, giving it the specific name 'tricuspidata'. The unbranched
inflorescence bears a few small, opposite leaves along the stem and an open 3-10 flowered
cyme at the apex. The flowers are small, with five
ovate yellow or white petals, which often have yellow spots at the base and orange spots at the tip. Flowers are
perfect, containing 10
stamens and two fused
carpels. The fruit is a two-beaked
capsule.
Saxifraga tricuspidata can be distinguished from the similar
Saxifraga bronchialis by the
toothed leaves.
Saxifraga tricuspidata is perennial with evergreen leaves that turn red in the falls but green up in the spring. It typically flowers in early to mid-summer.
Saxifraga tricuspidata is
monoecious with bisexual flowers. The genus
Saxifraga is insect-pollinated, and the fruits are dry
capsules which split to release many small seeds, dispersed by gravity, water and wind.
Saxifraga tricuspidata occurs across northern North America to Greenland, growing throughout Canada. In Alaska, this species occurs widely in suitable habitat, growing in the Brooks Range, the Alaska Range, the Chugach, Wrangell, St. Elias, and interior mountain ranges and in river bluffs and floodplains in interior Alaska lowlands. In the arctic, it is occasionally also found in low elevation sites. In Denali, this species is widespread, occurring primarily in the northeastern quadrant of the park, but in occasional localities across the region.
Details are shown in the Plots & Charts found at right, depicting recent Denali data.
This species grows at high elevations, occurring in Denali from 459 to 1572 meters, with an average of 1024 m.
Details are shown in the Plots & Charts found at right. For more on how to interpret these figures, visit Understanding Data Presented.
This species occurs on rocky, sandy soils in the alpine.
Dry sites.