(largeleaf avens)
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Photo of Geum macrophyllum by Jacob Frank
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Geum macrophyllum ssp.
perincisum is a tall herbaceous plant in the rose family (Rosaceae) with large divided leaves and yellow flowers that develop into nettle-like heads. This species grows in the boreal zone in meadows, lakeshores and riverbanks. Plants grow up to 70 cm tall from a stout
rhizome.
G. macrophyllum ssp.
perincisum has both basal and stem leaves. The basal leaves are
lyrate-
pinnate with
serrate margins, the large apical lobes are deeply cleft, and the other opposite
pinnae much smaller. The few stem leaves are
trifoliate and
serrate. At the top of the tall stem the plants branch and produce a few small,
perfect, and radially-symmetrical flowers. The flowers have five small,
ovate petals, 7 mm long, widely spaced. The fruiting head is round, holding several
achenes (fruits) with hooked
styles, each
achene 7-10 mm long. This subspecies differs from ssp.
macrophyllum by the division of the leaves (more deeply cleft than ssp.
macrophyllum) and its biogeography. This species is distinguished from other local species of
Geum by the leaf shape—
G. rossii and
G. glaciale have evenly
pinnate leaves and are tufted plants that grow in the alpine zone.
Largeleaf avens is a perennial species that flowers mid-summer in Denali.
The pollination biology and mating system of this species has not been studied. Flowers are bisexual (plants
monoecious) and likely insect-pollinated. The hooked beaks of the
achenes serve as burrs, catching on fur, feathers or clothing and transporting seeds with the movement of animals.
Largeleaf avens is a boreal-montane North American species that occurs across Canada, the northern tier of U.S. states and the western Cordillera of the United states, including Alaska. In Alaska, this species occurs from isolated localities on the North Slope to the interior, where it occurs occasionally, to Kodiak Island and the northern southeast panhandle at its southern extent. In Denali, the species occurs sporadically on both sides of the Alaska Range.
Details are shown in the Plots & Charts found at right, depicting recent Denali data.
G. macrophyllum subsp. perincisum is a low elevation taxon, occurring from 210 to 811 m in the Park, its average elevation 344 m. Plants grow on flat areas, the average incline one degree.
Details are shown in the Plots & Charts found at right. For more on how to interpret these figures, visit Understanding Data Presented.
Moist to wet sites.